Steroids Essays (2380 words) - Anabolic Steroids,

Steroids Steroids Win, win, win that's what its all about. Being the best and wining at all cost, no matter what it takes. In recent years, athletic competition has intensified to the point that increasing numbers of athletes are striving to upgrade their performances with the desire to be recognized as the best. Because players want to play, coaches want to win, and spectators demand to be entertained, the game is no longer about dreams, discipline, and competing, it is about illusions, deception, and winning. And no price is too great to pay to win. Although many athletes reach their goals through traditional methods, significant numbers are including pharmacologic shortcuts in their training programs. Increasing numbers of athletes are now relying on anabolic steroids to enhance their strength, endurance, and performance, despite the knowledge of the potentially serious adverse consequences these agents can have. Through this paper one will find a decisive background and history of anabolic steroids, from when they were first used in the sporting arena, to what they do, and who uses anabolic steroids and why. Second how anabolic steroids are harmful mentally through perceptions of feeling and looking good, to societies demand of winning at all cost. Third how this drug is extremely harmful physically and the negative effects in both men and women along with the overall negative effects of steroid abuse. Last the reader will see how the use of anabolic steroids are an unfair advantage to those who use them for how it heightens athletic prowess and gave them an extra competitive edge. Therefor misused anabolic steroids are very harmful to athletes, mentally, physically, and are an unfair advantage to the athletes who use them. In order to have a clear understanding of anabolic steroid abuse a brief history is in order. The first reported use of anabolic steroids in sports was in the 1940's and 1950's. When the Russian weightlifting team thanks, in part, to synthetic testosterone-walked off with a pile of medals at the 1952 Olympics, an American physician determined that U.S. competitors should have the same advantage. By the 1958 a U.S. pharmaceutical firm had developed anabolic steroids. Although the physician soon realized the drug had unwanted side effects, it was too late to halt its spread into the sports world. The first users of anabolic steroids were mainly bodybuilders, weightlifters, football players, and track and field athletes who relied heavily on bulk and strength. In the 1970's and 80's other sports sought the competitive edge that these steroid we re thought to have and later the black market flourished for the illegal production of this harmful and even deadly drug. The assumptions of these users were that they heard it would make them more aggressive and also give them that extra power they need to win or exceed. Anabolic steroids enable athletes in certain sports to build up muscle tissue during training more quickly than in training without drugs. (Tschirgi 1992). Clinical records have shown that the use of anabolic steroids and rigorous physical training along with a high protein diet will enhance muscle growth. So in short anabolic steroids speeds up this process which in turn will help enhances muscle growth. Today's society hear the messages from all sides: Get in shape; be muscular. In ads and TV commercials, muscular people sell perfume, cars, weight and muscle gainers-even beer. The beautiful body is the accepted way of life. This is true for all areas ranging from junior high student to the professional arena. Adolescents are pressured by peers, cliques, and school groups to take steroids due to the attitude; now, fast food, fast cars, fast everything this attitude is now invading the health and fitness arena. Teens are trying to reach the goal quickly, but at what cost. And it is not just teens, this same mentality has been going on for years, all the way back to the first suspected high school use in 1950.( JAMA 1993). It was assumed that athletes playing football took these steroids to make them the invincible player, and today those same athletes are collage and professionals who are still using these very deadly drugs to stay on top, no matter what. Professionals, more than collage and high school

Grown ups Essays - English-language Films, American Comedy Films

Grown ups Essays - English-language Films, American Comedy Films Grown ups Grown Ups When maturity is suspended Five former schoolmates gather many years later to discover that some really have not matured and still behave like children. Starring Adam Sandler, Kevin James, Chris Rock, David Spade, Rob Schneider and Salma Hayek. Full of very funny scenes, Grown Ups premieres June 25. A handful of big kids Prelude: five little friends play basketball and their rivals ... perhaps unintentionally cheating. Coach's harangue, the celebrated and gives them advice when they grow up. Thirty years later, the coach's death brings them together, but not all seem to have matured. The characteristics of each, defined as children, are now displayed clearly defined. Lenny Feder (Adam Sandler, always badly dressed or lanky) has two kids addicted to video games and desperately trying in vain to make his image and likeness. It also recalls that the nurse study. What saves his wife, Roxanne Chase-Feder (presented as Pinault Salma Hayek), a fashion designer who must leave for Milan when they have to go to the funeral. Chris Rock is Kurt McKenzie, master of the house learning to cook, married to the worker Deanne (Maya Rudolph), with two children and a mother screaming and flatulent. Eric Lamonsoff Kevin James is, of course successful entrepreneur, married to Sally (Maria Bello), who is still nursing her son four years. Marcus Higgins David Spade is the most immature of the group, still drunk and out with girls much younger than he. The last to arrive at the funeral is Rob Hilliard (Rob Schneider). From childhood he liked older women and is now married with one that could be his mother, Gloria (Joyce Van Patten) and has three grown daughters, two of them attractive enough for Marcus. To top it off, Rob is half hippie and has a ridiculous toupee. It is certainly the most original of the five. We were fortunate to interview at Univision.com. "They're friends who reunite 25 years later with the same problems," Rob describes the argument. "But now they have families and are dealing with things. Some are successful, others less so, but they are united. It's interesting because sometimes people do not really change. I like that idea. For Adam Sandler and I is a more mature film . I think it's sweet, and Salma Hayek is fine. It is very good comedian, he had never seen a funny movie. It is very good and enjoyed it, liked the challenge. I think I was a little unsure, but he had our trust . A beautiful woman, we saw every morning and it was incredible. " Five great comedians share a role in this film. Was there a clash of egos? Rob: I do not think we had too much conflict, but with five guys trying to be funny at the same time, sometimes I think it was more calm aggression. Because one expects all jump, but all fell back to see what happened. David Spade was the one who got all of us feel comfortable and laugh. Adam had the pressure to ensure that the film work, but David was relaxed and he's probably more fun. His character is the lighter, a guy who at 40 still goes out with girls, 19. In the movie wants to date my daughter, which bothers me a lot. I think it's a very special film. It's weird because we're friends and friends. I was not sure if it would work, but people who saw the movie enjoyed it a lot. I think that works. It made me laugh and that's it, no matter how ridiculous they can be situations. If a comedy makes you laugh, has served its purpose. Written by Adam Sandler and Fred Wolf and directed by Dennis Dugan, is rated PG-13.

The Lure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Lure - Essay Example Nowadays, casual coital relationships and pre-marital sex are widely accepted. In fact, it is a subject discussed not only among married couples but among friends, male and female alike. It is an adventure, if not a necessity that must happen for a person to find the perfect match. With this perception growing to be widely accepted, being physically attractive is not the only matter that is given attention. Since coital relationships require intimacy, fragrance should be equally important and this is the message of Gucci Guilty in its advertisement. The advertisement of the perfume, Gucci Guilty displays a nude couple and is in a physical intimate relationship. It is directed to women in particular who desire to draw and satisfy the perfect partner. With the model being beautiful and sexy, it metaphorically implies that such attributes are not enough to have a man totally captivated in her arms. The sense of smell must also be satisfied. A woman should be fragrant as well to be sexua lly appealing to the opposite sex and Gucci Guilty is the perfect perfume for such moments. The man is shown to be closing his eyes, his nose under the chin of the woman, his lips open, almost ready to kiss but not touching the neck of his lover. The neck is one of the parts of the body where perfume is applied. This suggests that the man is hooked in that area, stopping to just enjoy the smell of the woman’s perfume. The neck is also a part that is usually kissed because of where it is situated. Intimate kissing usually starts from the lips, down through the neck and, to the more intimate parts of the body. Moreover, it is one of the parts of the body that arouses sexual appetite when touched tenderly and lovingly. The man actually appears to have been mesmerized by the neck of the woman so that he was magnetized by something. That something is the scent of the woman’s perfume. This statement is not just an assumption but is proven true by what is shown in the picture . As mentioned earlier, the man is not kissing the neck of the woman, although his lips are parted, almost ready to kiss her. However, instead of him being portrayed as a very passionate lover who is ready for action, he is shown to have been magnetized, unable to resist the neck of the woman. With his face just very close to the woman without touching her neck, the photo implies that the man had to stop and sate himself with the smell of the woman. This specific reason for the man just stopping to smell the woman may not really be clearly stated in the photo but with the bottle of Gucci Guilty beside the woman, it says it all. Looking at the woman, one might wonder in relation to the statements made above, that she is not as interested about her lover as the man is of her. The man’s looks do not present any question about his physical attractiveness rather appears extremely desirable. Still the woman is not as concentrated on him as he is about her. This is because the perfu me is worn by the woman that is why it is only the man who is captivated by her. The woman’s lips are slightly curved to a smile which shows satisfaction. She appears to be happy about how her lover is so attracted to her but her smile has something else beside the satisfaction that she feels. Looking at the woman’s eyes, one can tell that there is a knowing in her. That she knows why her lover is so a

Enviro Golf Tees Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Enviro Golf Tees Company - Case Study Example Golf tees are a necessity in playing golf, we all know that.   We can not just play out there without this gadget.   They are like golf balls; if there’s great demand for golf balls, so do with golf tees.   And they are also expendable.   This is the reason why the company’s objective of producing bio-degradable tees is a priority.   The product alone is beneficial to the environment.  Prices for the product should be consistent with the Enviro Golf Tees’ goals and mission.   Pricing decision should be set in accordance with organization’s objectives, costs for the manufacturing, other marketing mix variables, channel member expectations, buyers’ perceptions, competition, and the legal and regulatory issues. (Dibb et al, 1997, p. 567-568) Perceived or â€Å"real† differences in competitors’ products: Some competitive products are identical product.Price is therefore the only consideration. Marketing Mix VariablesAccording to Dibb et al (1997, p. 576), â€Å"Price is the value placed on what is exchanged. The buyer exchanges buying power – which depends on the buyer’s income, credit and wealth – for satisfaction or utility. Price is a key element in the marketing mix because it relates directly to the generation of total revenue.†Ã‚  While we depend on the price of golf tees for the generation of revenues, pricing has to consider many factors so that the company can proceed smoothly.... 5) Activities of Enviro Golf Tees in the immediate future will revolve around this concept: creation, distribution, promotion and pricing of a state-of-the art environment-friendly golf tees. Marketing a product with an objective of helping preserve the environment is the primary goal. However, the company will go through the process of regular marketing, surveying the psychology and culture of consumers and people, and making moves that will lead the company to a determined future. "Marketers must constantly assess their customers' requirements and be prepared to modify their marketing activity accordingly. An assessment of marketing opportunities is an ever evolving process requiring regular revision and up-dating." (Zairi, 1996, p. 5) Objectives and goals of Enviro Golf Tees are currently based on this. Core ingredients of our priorites Focus and thrust of the company's business will bear the "core ingredients of the various definitions that collectively indicate the basic priorities of marketing: satisfying customers Marketing of the product will be primarily based on a wholesale basis, not piece-by-piece. For as long as customers, in this case golf courses, tournament organizers, etc. - buy golf balls, golf tees will be simultaneously sold along with it. identifying/maximizing marketing opportunities This may be an easy way because marketing opportunities will always be there in the field of the countless golf courses in the country. targeting the right customers As has been said, the customers are not one or a few players of golf, but the thousands of golf courses and owners in the United States. facilitating exchange relationships Customer relationship marketing

Question 2. Standardized Testing of Students Essay

Question 2. Standardized Testing of Students - Essay Example Without a doubt, this uniform and consistent system of assessment has now become an indispensable and requisite part of most of the schools, colleges and universities all over the globe. These educational institutions therefore, spend millions of dollars every twelve months on this system wide testing of their students to judge them in all possible aspects and assist them in overcoming their faults and flaws (Sacks, 12). Initially there were only a few educational institutions that were adopting the special standardized system of assessments (Heller, 152). However with the rapid pace of time and the excessive competitiveness in the world a number of agencies have been developed that are conducting these tests. Some of the most prominent evaluation agencies of the world are named as the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), Educational Testing Service (ETC), National Council on Educational Standards and Testing (NCEST) and many more widespread all over the world. These a gencies have great expertise in their tasks and are highly professional in conducting the testing methods and practices. This standardized system of evaluating the students was basically introduced for the purpose of shaping the learners so that they get pretty much suitable for the remediation. In addition, this system has therefore gained so much in popularity that renowned educational institutions have started adopting this system. The reason behind this excessive adaptation is the fact that people have widely developed so much trust factor on these testing service agencies. The trust factor is developed because these agencies are well reputed, rated and most importantly known for their unbiased attitude. They treat all students with complete justice and make sure that no unbiased practice exists within their system. Thus all this results in a positive outcome that all the students are objectively judged and evaluated that ultimately lend them a hand to improve on their mistakes. No matter these testing systems are really authentic and bonafide but the question arises that, why do the school, colleges and universities pay so much to get these external services rather than conducting the tests within their management. The reason behind this statement is that these agencies not simply conduct the evaluative assessments but also provide countless benefits to the institutes that hire these agencies. Some major pros of these standardized tests can be highlighted as they are greatly efficient and effective to provide two most important sources of information. These information sources that include the standardized system can bring into play as to weigh up the student’s potential, capability, competence and aptitude towards his or her studies. In turn all these evaluations will lend a hand to the student and institute in order to endow with enhanced or improved teaching, responsibility, and the control (Hamilton et al, 3). Moreover, it also encompasses the piece of evidence that this information can even be used in order to make a number of important and imperative decisions. In addition, the overall focus of these harmonized and uniform tests revolve around her universal and collective nature. It is devised or proposed to the students in a common mode for the reason that the management and admin do not become erratic or capricious in reflecting the complete performance of the students. Thus, all these controlled and calculative variables escort to an

Studying the big five personality traits

Studying the big five personality traits Nowadays personality trait test becomes more and more famous in recruitment and personal assessment, it is aiming to predict possible academic success and work performance in different settings. Although there are many academic theories attempt to conceptualize and generalize individual differences in the personality research field, such as psychoanalytic theory, psychodynamic theory, phenomenological theory and cognitive theory. (B.R. Hergenhahn, 1994). Each theory contributes a lot on the understanding and conceptualizing of human individual differences. No matter what theory the investigator chose they all had the common goal to build a structured model to describe and explain personality trait. From Sigmund Freuds Id Ego Superego model to R.B.Cattells 16 personality factors model, we can see that every famous trait-orientated psychologist would put forward one personality model. However, by analyzing those personality models it is easy to find out that there were huge differenc es about the number and nature of factors. Since 1980s, trait-orientated psychologists/researchers reached a consensus about the description mode of personality and they have suggested that there are five major personality factors which also called as the Big Five Personality Trait model. (Arnold J et al, 2005) The five dimensions of this model was not presenting or deriving from any of the particular one theories above, but obtained from the daily common words that people used to characterize others and themselves. Instead of displacing all the existing theories, the Big Five Personality Trait model works multifunctional because it is able to represent various personality trait theories in the same framework. (John and Srivastava, 1999)In recent decade, the Big Five personality trait model has made remarkable progress, and also demonstrated and supported by many research studies, most psychologists regarded it as the best personality model so far (MBA LIB. 2010). The Big Five Personality Trait model highlighted the universality of every dimension in this model. These five traits include (Arnold J et al, 2005): Openness to experiences. This trait describes people, who are interested in many things, appreciation for art, emotion, fantasy, aesthetic, feelings, actions, ideas. Conscientiousness. This trait describes people have a tendency to show their self-discipline, act orderly and dutifully, and personal achievement striving. Extroversion. This trait describes people who treat others warmly, actively, excitement seeking, maintains positive emotions and tends to seek simulation when companying others. Agreeableness. This trait describes people tend to trust others more, being straightforwardness, modesty, tender-mindedness and cooperative with others. Neuroticism. This trait describes people who tend to feel anxiety, angry hostility, depression, self-consciousness etc easily. When assessing a psychological theory or model whether to be successful or not, there are few essential aspects should taken into account. First, when establishing a new theory or model it is important to consider its compatibility with other existing psychological theories. Eysenck derived his PEN model from Cattells 16-factor model and within the same factor analytic psychological model however, they are not contradicted, McMartin proposed the structure of personality is best conceptualized as consisting of five major traits, rather than Eysencks 3 types (McMartin, 1995) (Nathan C. Popkins, 2010) Therefore it is clear to see that the Big Five Personality Trait model is coherent with other factor-analytical models and all these models should not conflicts with each other directly. Some psychologists have assessed the Big Five Personality Trait model by using the Trait Descriptive Adjectives (TDA) and found highly internal consistency and reliabilities, and their factor structure is easily carried out with same method and procedure. (John and Srivastava, 1999.) In recent years, some research studies also showed that the five-factor model is also compatible with other psychological personality models. Some psychologists attempted and already discover the correlation relationship between the Big Five Personality Traits and Freuds famous psychoanalysis theories. (Huey and Weisz, 1997) Although they only found out the relationship between some elements of Freuds psychoanalysis theory and some elements of the Big Five Personality Trait, it also helps for proving of the compatibility and adaptability of the Big Five Personality Trait. Secondary, a successful psychological theory or model should also be capable to apply widely such as in clinical and organizational field, and it also needs to maintain in a high degree of consistency. McAdams suggested that the Big Five Personality Trait model is more like a list with five dimensions which is helpful to specify and classify personality traits than a psychological theory (McAdams, 1992). To apply the model into academic field to find its effectiveness, Digman (1990) claimed that the Big Five Personality Traits model provides a useful view of broad dimensions that characterize human individual differences. These dimensions can be measured with high level of reliability and impressive validity. (Digman, 1990, page 436) Digman had summed up that the Big Five Personality Traits model applies well for providing the personality traits structure. (Digman 1990) As its advantages of being simplified and systematical, it has been agreed by many researchers. As Jianan Zhong and Jinyun Duan (2004) indicated that they thought the Big Five Personality Traits is a well established model for describing personality traits. For a long time, researchers have realized that the number of major personality traits is actually less the Catells 16 factors and Eysencks 3 factors, therefore 5 factors seemed to be a reasonable choice. At the meanwhile, there are some criticisms raised. First, it is a non-explainable descriptive model, it cannot be said that there is only 5 factors to identify human personality traits (Eysenck, 2001). Second, the Big Fives advocates assumed that the five variables are independent to each other; however the situation is not always so (Eysenck, 2001). Third, there are still arguments among the meaning of these five variables, it has been limited by the different adjectives in different language systems thus the compatibility of t he model has been questioned. Fourth, many different ideas on how many should we number for the factors appears, there are 3, 4, 6, 7 factors separately. And finally, the Big Five Personality Traits is not capable and suitable for all cultural backgrounds; apart from the United States, researchers should carry out their own local studies (Boies K et al., 2001) (Ashton M C et al., 2000.). Is there any ways to measure our five personality traits? In 1985, Costa and McCrae brought up a questionnaire to measure the Big Five Personality Traits NEO-PI (Costa P T, McCrae R R. 1985, 1989). After that, they came up with the new edited version NEO-PI-R and NEO-FFI. They made this personality model becoming measurable; however, there are also criticisms. Frame of reference effects (Schmit M J, Royan A M, 1993) is one of the concerning, a reliable result will gain from some of the volunteer respondents, for those are not volunteers, such as a job seeker, they might be truthful on the description of themselves, they will characterize themselves as being reliable, hard-working and organized etc to get the job position. Therefore this may lead to the raising of general ideal-employees. Despite the inadequate aspects, the Big Five Personality Traits model still has advantages. It provided an integrated theory framework; it is simple which is consistent with economic principles. For this reason, there are huge amount of application researches about industry and organizational psychology in recent years. Since the research carried out about the correlation relationship between the Big Five Personality Traits model and the job performance, there is an agreed conclusion that this personality traits model can predict job performance, especially contextual performance (Goliath. 2010.). In these five major traits, conscientiousness is the most effective predictor. A research in 2000 (Gregory M.H et al., 2000) has demonstrated the above conclusions in advance, it also took into account of various job type and diverse performance criterion, and the findings showed that the agreeableness has the better prediction to the service job, openness to experience has the better prediction to the managerial job type, conscientiousness works the most effectively to predict different job types and different performance criterion. Jeffrey et al. (2001) carried out a research study to measure 276 students personality dimensions by using NEO-PI-R. The subjects were placed in a group decision-making scenar io to observe the task performance and contextual performance, and the contextual performance has been divided into cooperative behavior and voice behavior. The so-called voice behavior refers to the creative and constructive communicational behavior for the purpose of improving the environment, change the orientation. Detailed content includes providing constructive suggestions to the organization, such as how to improve the organization; how to perform the task; persuade others to accept new ideas, advices and guidance etc. The results showed that agreeableness is significantly positive correlated to the cooperative behavior; however it is significantly negative correlated with voice behavior. The research findings also supported the point of view of dividing the contextual performance into cooperative behavior and voice behavior. In order to investigate the interactional relationship between agreeableness and conscientiousness to the task performance, Witt (2002) use the personality questionnaire with 120 items to measure five factors in seven companies with different job types, it used higher assessment as main method to assess the task performance. The findings showed that, there are 5 out of 7 indicated that the staff with high conscientiousness but low social ability is ineffective especially in the situation where the cooperation with others is essential. In another word, among these work situations, the correlation between conscientiousness and task performance is influenced by agreeableness. Higher agreeableness works better than low agreeableness. It is easy to see that the Big Five Personality Traits model is able to predict task performance well and in particular the contextual performance. Jennifer et al. (2001) gathered 149 staff with different job types to carry out the research study about the relationship between openness, conscientiousness and creative behavior by using the questionnaires. NEO-FFI was used to measure openness and conscientiousness, the creative behavior was assessed by higher assessment. The result showed that, when the environment allows the personality to express, openness will accelerate the occurrence of creative behavior, whereas conscientiousness will block it. This seems to be contradicted to the above research findings of conscientiousness is a predictor of good task performance, the key issue here is the environment is also an important factor. It is valuable to conduct further research to stimulate staff with high conscientiousness but low openness to reach their potential of creativity. Costa and McCrae (Li Wang et al. 2000) also suggested that when dealing with the life stress events, people with higher openness would like to use a variety of coping strategies effectively. Because when facing the new environment, people with higher openness tends to be patient to discover, therefore they feel less tense when dealing with changes, they can manage to cope with the changes within the organization. The Big Five Personality Traits model can also be applied with the research about job satisfaction. Timothy (2002) gathered 334 relevant data among 163 dependent samples about personality traits and job satisfaction to do the meta- analysis. The findings indicated that openness and conscientiousness are significantly negative correlated with job satisfaction. Besides, David et al. (2002) conducted the research between the Big Five Personality Traits model and self-respect. The result showed that the self-respect is significantly negative correlated with neuroticism and is significantly positive correlated with extroversion, whereas there is no significant correlation with openness and agreeableness. Piers (2002) did the investigation on the relationship between the Big Five Personality Traits model and self well-being. The findings showed that neuroticism is significantly negative correlated with self well-being, however openness is positive correlated with self well-being, whereas there is no significant correlations between other factors and self well-being. Openness and job satisfaction, self-respect and self well-being all positive correlated, however, neuroticism is significantly negative correlated with all of these. In other words, neuroticism and extroversion are closely related with the life functions. To sum up the above applied research of the Big Five Personality Traits model, we can conclude that despite the consideration of cognitive and intellectual factors, this personality traits model can be used as a predictor during the selection and employee allocation. General speaking, conscientiousness has the better prediction to the task performance. For service work, agreeableness is an excellent predictor. For creative work, for instance, strategy planning, advertisement, art, literature etc, openness predicts better than other dimensions. For managerial work, extroversion predicts better than other dimensions. Besides, Barry and Stewart (Yufan Liu et al, 2002) also found out that within a group of people, the team performance carried out the best when the proportion of openness is adequate. Too much or too few openness people would not be conducive to the improvement of team performance. Unstable neuroticism has a negative impact on individuals in many ways; hence we should control our emotion wisely to improve individuals emotional stability. In a larger sense, the Big Five Personality Traits model provides us a reference to understand and shape our personality traits. Every positive outcome such as stable emotions, openness or agreeableness, conscientiousness, extroversion will help people to build a relatively perfect self.

A Running Sunday :: Personal Narrative Writing

A Running Sunday "Are you listening, Jaehee Hwang?" A tall skinny lady walked towards me. This was the fifth time she had told me to hush up. "I'll have to ask you to leave if you are not reverent." Sister Jung always made me feel like a sinner. I knew she was right. She was the primary teacher; she was always right. As soon as she turned around, I began to giggle with Ji Young again, "hee hee look at Sister Jung, she stands so straight like one of those British guards with big puffy hats and red uniform hee hee." Sister Jung swooshed around, placed her index finger on her lips, and looked straight at me. She had long, straight black hair, without a single strand out of place. She wore an ironed white blouse and a knee length jean skirt with two rose imprints on it. I hated it when I knew I had to listen to her. After church, I raced my brother to the parking lot, and I jumped into the car. From a block away from our house, my dad turned his head to the backseat while both of his hands were on the steering wheel. "Jaehee, are you listening?" "Just drive honey." Now my mom turned her head and fixed her eyes on mine. "How many times do we have to tell you? Listen to Sister Jung, she is a wonderful primary teacher and " "You're the bishop's daughter I know, Mom, I know I have to be good and blah, blah, blah." "Jaehee Hwang! Ugh! Don't you ever get sick of hearing your name?" When my father reached the garage I said, "No. I think it sounds beautiful." I gave my mom a big smile and hopped out of the car. I rushed into the house. Ring! Ring! Ring! I took three big leaps into the kitchen. "Hello?" "Jaehee! You have to come to my house! I have a big surprise!" "Okay wait. Mooommm! Can I pleaasee go to Ji Young's house?" "If you promise to be reverent every Sunday." "I promise." "I don't want to hear any more troubles from you, young lady, so keep out of mess." "I promise." "Jaehee I'm serious. Don't go wild." I rolled my eyes and raced out the door. I ran for two blocks until I reached Ji Young's house. When I got to her front lawn, my eyes widen and I jumped up and down. "I can't believe it!" Ji Young was feeding seeds to a flock of chickens.

Summary: Vaccine and Young Girls

Rosario Y. Lopez Mrs. Walker ENG. 1301 November 02, 2012 Summary #1: HPV Vaccine Texas Tyranny Mike Adams essay, â€Å"HPV Vaccine Texas Tyranny†, demonstrates that the order made by Rick Perry, bypassing all the legislatures, to mandate the vaccination of young girls with the HPV vaccine sold by Merck, one of his contributors in his campaign, is absolutely worthless and an outright fraud. (445-447) Adams assumes that reality of all this situation is the push of profits. Adams starts to support his argument by exposing the question â€Å"why don’t pledge to give all their vaccines free of charge? (446) and he answered it with the phrase â€Å"This is all about money, not public health. †(Adams 446) What is actually happening in Texas is the beginning a form of medical tyranny, declares Adams. If people let Texas get away of this problem, more states will follow it and Merck will convince other governors to do the same actions and calling it â€Å"public healthà ¢â‚¬ . (446) Also, Adams suggest us fight this tyranny by exposing it; and there is a lot of ways to do it, such as, posting the cartoon in our web sites, making t-shirts, linking the article with others friends, etc. He wants us to take action of the young girls care.Adams debate is not only about the vaccine and the medical tyranny: it is about our health freedom to a medical system. He defends his thinking with the studies of others industries. Adams explained us that the cervical cancer is prevented in a hundred other ways. â€Å"It is really just a grand moneymaking scheme that exploits the bodies of young girls, marked to look like compassionate health care†, (447) concludes Adams. Males, Mike. †HPV Vaccine Texas Tyranny. † Perspectives on Contemporary Issues: Readings Across the Disciplines. 2006. 6e. Ed. Katherine Anne Ackley. Boston: Wadsworth/ Cengage Learning, 2012. 446-448. Print.

If Youre a Nature Lover, You Need These Words in Your Vocabulary

If Youre a Nature Lover, You Need These Words in Your Vocabulary Robert Macfarlane loves words about nature and our interaction with it. In fact, he loves it so much that he compiled Landmarks, a collection of words used across America, England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales- some of which have been long forgotten- to describe natural scenery.In an article written for The Guardian, he explains why he felt the need to publish this compendium:†¦Although we have fabulous compendia of flora, fauna and insects (Richard Mabeys Flora Britannica and Mark Cockers Birds Britannica chief among them), we lack a Terra Britannica, as it were: a gathering of terms for the land and its weathers- terms used by crofters, fishermen, farmers, sailors, scientists, miners, climbers, soldiers, shepherds, poets, walkers and unrecorded others for whom particularised ways of describing place have been vital to everyday practice and perception.Robert Macfarlane, The GuardianIn that same article, he further details the events that led him to collect these words:The same s ummer I was on Lewis, a new edition of the Oxford Junior Dictionary was published. A sharp-eyed reader noticed that there had been a culling of words concerning nature. Under pressure, Oxford University Press revealed a list of the entries it no longer felt to be relevant to a modern-day childhood. The deletions included acorn, adder, ash, beech, bluebell, buttercup, catkin, conker, cowslip, cygnet, dandelion, fern, hazel, heather, heron, ivy, kingfisher, lark, mistletoe, nectar, newt, otter, pasture and willow. The words taking their places in the new edition included attachment, block-graph, blog, broadband, bullet-point, celebrity, chatroom, committee, cut-and-paste, MP3 player and voice-mail.Robert Macfarlane, The GuardianAs Macfarlanes story about the Oxford Junior Dictionary shows, we live in a time when we are generally less connected to nature and to our surrounding natural world. This is especially true for children, who know more about gaming systems and iPads than they do about the sound of the wind through the trees and capturing fireflies. What does this mean for our next generation of poets and writers- writers who are losing the vernacular that was once so common among artists who explored the natural world around them?With this in mind, here is a list of words that shouldnt be forgotten by poets and writers who are likewise nature lovers. Teach them to your children so they wont be completely lost.Wind, rain, snow, and stormsAfter-drop (Poetic)Raindrop which falls after a cloud has passed (first cited in Sir Philip Sidneys Arcadia, c 1580)Airie (Caithness)Gentle breath of windAchram (Irish)Very heavy rain (literally, boisterous behavior)Billow (East Anglia)SnowdriftBrim (Orkney)Cold, drying wind that withers plantsBlacthorn Winter(Herefordshire) Winter that turns very cold late in the seasonCith (Gaelic)Shower of warm, drizzling rainDomra (Shetland)Obscuration of the sky by hazeDribs (Leicestershire, Northamptonshire)Rain which falls in drops f rom the eaves of thatched housesDringey (Lincolnshire)Light rain that still manages to get you soaking wetFeetings (Suffolk)Footprints of creatures as they appear in the snowGleamy (Essex)Showers with fitful sunshineGoldfoil (Poetic)Coined by the poet Gerard Manley Hopkins, describing a sky lit by lightning in zigzag dints and creasings.Heavengravel (Poetic)Hailstones Gerard Manley HopkinsLattin, letty (Shropshire and Somerset, respectively)Enough rain to make outdoor work difficultOogly (Cornish)Referring to the sky, when it foretells wild weatherPayling (Northamptonshire)Wind-driven showerPenitent (Geography)Spike or pinnacle of compact snow and ice left standing after differential melting of a snowfieldPetrichor (Scientific)The pleasant, distinctive small of rain in the air, sometimes detectable before the rain has even begun to fall, and especially strong when the first rain falls after a period of warm, dry weatherPirr (Shetlandic)A light breath of wind, such as will make a cat s paw on the waterPuthery (Cheshire)Intense stillness and humidity immediately before a storm breaksRoarie bummlers (Scottish)Fast-moving storm cloudsSnow-bones (Yorkshire)Patches of snow seen stretching along ridges, in ruts, or in furrows after a partial thawUngive (Northamptonshire and East Anglia)To thawVirga (Meteorological)Observable streak or shaft of precipitation that falls from a cloud but evaporates before reaching the groundWeather-mooth (Caithness)Clear area in the sky, low on the horizon, from which the clouds appear to streamWhewan (Orkney)Wind that howls around cornersWhiffle (Kent)Referring to the wind, when it comes in unpredictable gustsWhittle (Cheshire)A strong gust of wine, supposedly named after Captain Whittle, whose coffin was hurled to the ground from its bearers shoulders by such a gustWilliwaw (Nautical)Sudden, violent squallWolfsnow (Poetic)Dangerously heavy and wind-driven snow (Gerard Manley Hopkins)MountaineeringAlpenglow (Mountaineering)Light of the setting or rising sun seen illuminating high mountains or the underside of cloudsAlpenglow is the light of the setting or rising sun seen illuminating high mountains or the underside of clouds. Photo by eberhard grossgasteiger on Unsplash.Chockstone (Mountaineering)A stone wedged in a vertical cleft or chimney of rock, impeding progressChoss (Mountaineering)Rock that is unsuitable for climbing due to its instability or friabilityCreachann (Gaelic)Grassless, stony hilltopMoel (Welsh)A hilltop or mountain summit that is treeless and roundedNick (Yorkshire)Gap in the hills through which weather comesSlip-rift (Geological)Cave or chasm formed by the peeling away of one rock layer from another under the duress of gravityWaterAber (Welsh)Mouth of a river (into the sea); confluence of a lesser with a larger riverAbhainn (Gaelic)Substantial river, often running to the sea, with numerous tributariesAcker (North Sea Coast)Ripple on the surface of the waterBala (Welsh)Outflow of a river from a lakeBorbhan (Gaelic)Purling or murmur of a streamCaochan (Scottish)A small stream flowing across moorland and boggy ground with its channel concealed by heather and other moor vegetationCymer (Welsh)Confluence of two or more streams Moonwake (Poetic) The reflection of moonlight on a body of waterFaoi (Gaelic)Noisy streamHurdifell (Shetland)Steep, rocky hill covered in bouldersJabble (Scottish)Agitated movement of water; a splashing or dashing in small waves or ripples; where currents meet, the water is said to be jabblyLoom (Cumbria)Slow and silent movement of water in a deep poolPell (Sussex)Hole of water, generally very deep, beneath an abrupt waterfallSoma (Irish)A body of water that is abounding in swansStaran (Gaelic)Causeway of stones built out into a lake in order to fetch waterTrunnel (English regional)A road or path where, in summer, the leaves of trees on both sides form a canopyA Trunnel is an English word noting a road or path where, in summer, the leaves of trees on bo th sides form a canopy. Photo by Jason Ortego on Unsplash.Twevelet (Poetic)Small leaf bundles snagged around river twigs after a floodWinterbourne (Anglo-Saxon)Intermittent or ephemeral stream, dry in the summer and running in winterMoon, sun, and starsApricity (Phenological)Suns warmth in winterBenighted (Mountaineering)Overtaken by darkness while walking or climbingBright-borough (Poetic)Area of the night sky thickly strewn with stars (Gerard Manley Hopkins)Buried moon (Northamptonshire)Moon seen through a vaporous hazeBurr (East Anglia)Mistiness over and around the moon; a moon-haloDark hour (East Anglia)Interval between the time of sufficient light to work or read by and the lighting of candles- therefore, a time of social domestic conversation (We will talk that over at the dark hour)Dimpsy, dimsy (Devon, Somerset)Dusk, or the darkened hour brought on by poor weather, or the short period of time between daylight and dusklight. The cusp of duskness (Isabel Macho)Doomfire (Poetic )Sunset light which has the appearance of the apocalypse (Gerard Manley Hopkins)Firesmoke (Childish)Blending of sunrise or sunset with cloudsGreen flash (Optics)Optical phenomenon occurring just before sunset or just after sunrise, in which a green spot is briefly visible above the upper rim of the suns diskGrimlins (Orkney)Night hours around midsummer when dusk blends into dawn and it is hard to say if day is ending or beginningHoarlight (Poetic)Burnished or embossed forehead of sky over the sundown, beautifully clear (Gerard Manley Hopkins)Print-moonlight (Sussex)Moonlight bright enough to read byShepherds lamp (Cambridgeshire, Northamptonshire)First star that rises after sunsetShivelight (Poetic)A word created by poet Gerard Manley Hopkins for the lances of sunshine that pierce the canopy of a woodFlora, fauna and landscapeBerhog (Shetland)Sterile piece of groundDeadfall (Geography)Dead branch that falls from a tree as a result of wind or its own weightDreeping (Irish/poetic)Desc ribing landscape that is heavy with dew or rain (Patrick Kavanagh)Ecotone (Ecological)Transition zone between two biomes, where communities meet and integrate (for example, between field and forest or lake and land)Frail (Banffshire)The skeleton of a leafHopliness (Childish)Changes in color along the length of a stem of grassHoodoo(Geography) Tall, thin spire of rockMute (Exmoor)Stumps of trees and bushes left in the ground after fellingPixy-hunting (Somerset)Climbing trees in an orchard to get the last fruit after the main crop has been harvestedPlatos fire (Poetic)Shadows dancing inside of a tree hollow on a sunny day in the woodsSillion (Poetic)Shining, curved face of earth recently turned by the plowSmeuse (English)The gap in the base of a hedge made by the regular passage of a small animalSmoog (Childish)Referring to a group of children who gather, crack, stack and whack bits of fallen timber in the woodsSnicket (Yorkshire)A narrow path between buildings or between a fence and a fieldSolastalgia (Global)Distress caused by environmental change (climate change, pollution mining) that alters a persons home landscape without them ever leaving itSpurring (Exmoor)Following the tracks of a wild animalSway (Venery)Deviation of an animals footprints from the median line of passageVallum (Northumberland)A wide ditchWilsom (Scots)A way or path leading through wild and desolate regions

Managing an Equal Opportunity Organization

Managing an Equal Opportunity Organization Free Online Research Papers Abstract: This paper assess on the challenges organisations face when executing gender equality at workplace. Tracing back to the basic form or gender discrimination, where it was taken as a conventional form in some developing places, to extreme feminism practise, where reverse discrimination against men is discussed. Gender equality is essential to improve productivity and creativity at workplace. On the other hand, some criticism argued gender equality being to ideal is analysed. The finding was danger could arise when employees or employers forget or ignore the essence of gender equality, therefore recommendations are given to remind everyone in an organisation when it comes to gender discrimination. Table of Contents 1.1 Introduction-The paradox of women’s orientation in a society 3 2.1 What is discrimination? 4 2.2 Laws to ensure gender equality at work place 5 2.3 Infanticide of Female Babies in India and China 5 2.4 Achieved Status and Ascriptive Status 7 2.5 Self-promotion=Social rejection? 8 2.6 Importance of a gender discrimination free environment for employees 8 2.7 Rhetoric aspects of gender equality 10 2.7.1 Gender equality and the competency matrix 10 2.7.2 Gender equality or women’s priority? 11 3.1 Conclusion 12 References 14 List of appendix: Figure 1: Taylor W. (2007) the competency matrix. National College of Natural Medicine†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦p.12 1.1 Introduction-The paradox of women’s orientation in a society â€Å"Women have been taught that, for us, the earth is flat, and that if we venture out, we will fall off the edge† (Authuor Unknown). This myth has been for decades a barrier to women who wants to expresses their feelings, to show others that women are capable of what man can do. The current Chinese president Hu Jintao noted, â€Å"Women are a great source of strength in creating human civilisation. The promotion of gender equality and protection of women’s right impact on the immediate interests of women and decide whether human beings can fully develop their potential and pursue a better life.† (www.people.com.cn). This creates a paradox of â€Å"Women are a great source of strength† versus â€Å"Women should not venture out†. Where should women stand? What role can they play in a society? At work place, maintaining gender equality is essential to ensure every employee is enjoying a discrimination free environment, therefore eliminating the possibility of employees not speaking up due to unnecessary backdrop. Women has been seems to be the victim of gender discrimination. However, could this happen in other forms, where men are being discriminated? The aim of this paper is to investigate the dilemma of organisations, when trying to execute sex equity. Looking at what difficulties organisation faces, when attempt to maintain a gender discrimination free environment for all employees. There are three objectives to achieve the aim. Firstly, is to access the ‘conventional’ gender discrimination in some places. Secondly, is to evaluate the importance of ensuring a gender discrimination free environment for employees. Thirdly, recommendation will be given on how an organisation can maintain gender equality at work places. 2.1 What is discrimination? â€Å"Direct Discrimination occurs when on the grounds of sex, sexual orientation, civil partnership, marital status, race, religion or belief or sexual orientation grounds whether the characteristics in questions are those of the person treated less favourably or some other person† Lewis and Sargeant (2007). Behind the word ‘discrimination’, right, freedom, justice and tolerance are hidden concepts. Discrimination could also exits in an indirect form, â€Å"the concept of indirect discrimination allows us to treat discrimination on a non-proscribed ground as discrimination on a proscribed ground. This broadens significantly the reach of non-discrimination law† Doyle (2000). This makes indirect discrimination vaguer to be protected by laws. Nevertheless, these laws are still solid guidelines and foundation for gender equality. 2.2 Laws to ensure gender equality at work place Some of the important anti gender discrimination legislation include: the Equal Pay Act 1970 and the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 The Equal Pay Act 1970 outlaws ‘equality clause operates when a person is employed on ‘like work’, work rated as equivalent or work of equal value to that of a person of the opposite sex in the same employment. The Sex Discrimination outlaws discrimination and harassment against civil partners and married (but not single persons) (Lewis and Sargeant 2004). In Sex Discrimination Act 1975 section 21A, clarifies that it is unlawful for a public authority to discriminate or commit acts of harassment on the grounds of sex when performing its functions. Moreover, public authorities are required to eliminate unlawful sex and race discrimination and sexual harassment, also, to promote equality of opportunity and good relations between men and women and persons of different racial groups (ibis). However, these laws are often criticised for being short-term and limited approach (Shapiro and Olgiati 2002). Torrington and Hall (1995) argued that a policy does not intentionally make to change the situation but could be merely symbolic. Can these laws overturn the millennia of inequality? It might be relatively difficult to implement in some parts of the world, where women are widely recognised as low-status. 2.3 Infanticide of Female Babies in India and China Discrimination of sexes can actually exist in a ‘conventional’ form. The phenomenon of infanticide female babies in two of the most populous nation- India and China is a valid example. It reflects the low status of women. In some rural parts of India, no baby girl was found at all. In the other thirty villages, there were 343 boys to 54 girls. Why those Indians infanticide baby girls? As some of they think sons are called upon to generate income, they work hard in fields. Therefore, sons are viewed as a type of insurance (Porras 1996). Conversely, these families prospect bride must pay huge amount of money to the family she is marrying to. The wedding expensive usually sum up to more than a million rupees (US $ 35,000). Whist an average Indian earns about 100,000 rupees ($3,500) a year. For poor families, they see baby girls as a dowry but boys as income generator. This has always be the case in India, and as a conventional form. In some parts of the world, government ar e accused to permit, or even encourage the killing of handicapped, female infants or unwanted child. For instance, 200.B.C in Greece, among 6,000 families living in Delphi, less than 1% had two daughters, murdering of female infants was so common. In China, a tradition of infanticide and abandonment, especially of females, existed in China before the foundation of the People’s Republic in 1949 (Zeng 1994). Chinese thinks that when a girl gets marry, she leaves the family and become part of her husband’s family. Conversely, a boy child can ensure someone will take care of them in their old age. Infanticide babies no matter of which gender is brutal, if action is not taken, this will continue and pollute societies world-wide. However, how has the low status of women being implemented to the prosecutors’ head? 2.4 Achieved Status and Ascriptive Status Any further discussion on gender should begin with distinguishing between ‘sex’ and ‘gender’. According to Mukhopadhyay and Sudarshan (2001), the term ‘sex’ is a biological determined attribute, and it is not easy to change. Whilst ‘gender’ being the social constructed roles, which the significance vary from one society to another. In addition, the status of gender changes obviously as a society develops over time. What construct the importance and roles play by different gender? There are two main sets of factors, determined by achieved status or by ascriptive status. Achieved status refers to ‘a status acquired by an individual through her efforts, often through competition and the use of special abilities, knowledge and skill’ (Government of Indian 1974 :7). On the other hand, ascriptive status refers to ‘any status not based on individual ability, skill efforts or accomplishment, but on inherited positions in society’ (ibis). Achieved status involve personal attributes, change according to the individual’s desire. In contrast, an individual do not have control over ascriptive status, as it involve the collective consciousness of a community, for instance, norms of family, kinship, nature of conjugal contract, religion etc. (Grusky and Manwai 2008). Fortunately, the ascriptive value has come down in level as time pass by as people are getting more educated, they are more enlighten to respect one another. However, there are still bunch of people out there stereotyping women. 2.5 Self-promotion=Social rejection? According to (Borgida, Hunt and Kim 2005), when one forms an initial impression of women, one always rely on their perspective of stereotyped women, than on information on a specific woman. What will one think about a woman when she attempts to clime the occupational hierarchy? The research of (Bordiga, Hunt and Kim 2005) argue that in order for a woman to perceived as compatible to her male counterparts in leadership roles, she must clearly keep on emphasising her past successes, and be a self-promoter. Ironically, this form of self-promotion could likely form social rejection, and therefore creates a dilemma for women (ibis), as modesty is considered a feminine trait but not self-promotion. Rudman and Glick (1999) explored on what perception could form when women present themselves as assertive and directive-or as competence leaders. The finding was these women are viewed as betraying their feminine gender roles, thus, no longer perceived to own feminine interpersonal skills. (Heilman, Wallen, Fuchs and Tamkins 2004) carried out further study on how gender stereotypes affect the perceptions of competence among female job applicants. The finding was people stereotyped man as more competitive before they look at their candidate’s prior job performances. To draw a conclusion of the findings of different researchers, women are given difficult position at work places. Without conscious practice of gender equality, what could happen to organisations? 2.6 Importance of a gender discrimination free environment for employees Rees and McBain (2004) argued that employees are a company’s most valuable asset. In addition, to attract and retain talent is a key corporate challenge. Gender discrimination, when favouring either male or female in an organisation, could bring an organisation at risk by limited capable individuals to perform at his or her best. Moreover, Goss (1998) noted â€Å"equal opportunities is primarily a moral or ethical project that focuses on the processes giving rise to inequalities and seeks to address these in a qualitative sense, not by reducing social difference to a common economic currency, but by promoting its acceptance and understanding.† Promoting acceptance and understanding is essential. Workplaces should provide an environment where all employees are treated equally, despite their race, gender or religion. Goss also argued to promote equal opportunities is first and foremost a social duty for any employer. Perception of inequality could raise issue of job dissatisfaction and high turnover (Anderson 2003).When an employee perceived greater levels of justice at workplace, he is generally more engaged in organisational citizenship behaviour and a more positive work attitudes and behaviours (Moorman 1991, Rahim, Magner and Shapiro 2000). Moreover, organisations can be benefit from greater creativity in grou p decision as different gender could see things very differently from one another. Admittedly, the idea of reaching the realm of gender equality is significant as it could increase an organisation’s competitive advantage on carefree employees. However, there are also critics on the rhetoric aspects of gender equality. 2.7 Rhetoric aspects of gender equality Goodsell (2007) argued that the idea of gender equality is vague as it enforces an extreme absolute conception of gender neutrality. It is unrealistic attempt to omit all sorts of gender conventions. Feminist scholar Catharine MacKinnon argues that formal equality is ineffective, as it leaves the focus on men and masculinity. This concept could further illustrate by Taylor (2007)’s competency matrix illustrates different stages in learning according to one’s understanding of why learning. This is also applicable to the concept of gender equality. 2.7.1 Gender equality and the competency matrix At the first stage where people do not know they do not know, is where people are discriminating each other gender-wise, yet nobody realise that it is an insult to others. When people start to realise discrimination exists and it is not fair in a society, some people take action because they finally realise they know the problem. A group of people will give-up the mission of promoting gender equality as they faced difficulties and frustrations. However, the rest will continue to attempt to encourage and ensure gender equality at work place. As time goes by, laws and legislations are set, forming a solid foundation of the concept, that people consciously know they know the problem, and therefore working towards it, they really do respect each other despite their gender, and understand the true meaning why promote gender equality. Unfortunately, some people make numbly practise ‘gender equality’ and forgetting the true meaning of it. For instance, ranking women as priorit y, forgetting equality’s meaning. Figure 1: Taylor W. (2007) the competency matrix. National College of Natural Medicine 2.7.2 Gender equality or women’s priority? The mentioned model could explain what the trend is today; a lot of people forgot the true meaning of ‘gender equality’, taking an extreme thinking women priority should be instead correct. This loses the true meaning of gender equality. For instance, in 1997, a group of men sued Hooters (a restaurant well-known because they hire sexy young girls). Hooters agreed to pay $3.75 million to settle this lawsuit. The settlement allowed the chain keep on having solely Hooters girls to sever good and beverages (www.bbc.co.uk). There are also other cases for men suing Hooters for restricting its servers to be female. In addition, according to Anderson (2003), the charges of reverse discrimination are increasing by men at the middle or executive levels of management. ‘Fair and equitable treatment is a primary concern for most employees’ (Sheppard, Lewicki and Minton 1992). Gender equality should exist in a fair manner, where both sexes are protected, given the equal rights. 3.1 Conclusion Tibetan Spiritual Leader the 14th Dalai Lama once claimed â€Å"Human beings, indeed all sentient beings, have the right to pursue happiness and live in peace and freedom.† This statement lies in a utopian world. In reality, does the ‘right’ everybody ought to have he mentioned even exist? The doubt incorporates with Oscar Wilde-the Irish Poet’s argument of â€Å"Society exists only as a mental concept; in the real world there are only individuals†. The real world which we are living in (obviously not the utopia), people only concern about themselves, taking themselves as superior, it does not bother an individual to protect other’s individual rights, as they are all busy to protect their own right. If the human race ever tries to aim to live in peace and freedom, eliminating the thoughts of discrimination will be the very first steps, it could start from small scales for instance, daily life practices, when it brings to what organisations can do to support this dream, there are several steps organisation can follow: Firstly, there should be a zero tolerance for any discrimination. Secondly, if any employee complains of gender discrimination, the organisation should investigate carefully, if there really is a problem, action should be taken. Thirdly, managers should be role models to make sure everyone within the company understands what extend gender discriminations goes. People should never forget the true concept of gender equality, which is to maximise productivity, and utilise everyone’s talent at work places no matter which gender they are of. Imagine a work place where everyone respects each other, giving their best. This could motivate employees and create an open organisation culture for them. On the other hand, a ‘learning organisation’ could definitely help, spreading gender equality throughout an organisation. The limited of this research is the complexity nature of the topic, the status of women varies from society to society, therefore, cases in India and China could not generalised the concept of low-status of women worldwide. In addition, other aspect of gender discrimination such as gay and lesbian being treated unfairly is not discussed in this paper. As a conclusion, gender discrimination at any form should not be ignored. This breach of human rights could lead to serious problem, as human labour should always be the most valuable asset to any organisation. References: Anderson D. (2003) Gender Equity in the Context of Organisational Justice: A Closer Look at a Reoccurring Issue in the Field. Journal of Leisure Research. Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 228-247, National Recreation and Park Association Bordiga, Hunt and Kim (2005) On the use of gender stereotyping research in sex discrimination litigation, U.S. Doyle O.(2000) Equality, Autonomy and Indirect Discrimination, Dublin Grusky, D., Manwai, C. (2008) Social Stratification: Class race and gender in sociological perspective. Westview Press. Heilman M., Wallen A,, Fuchs D. and Tamkins M. (2004) Penalties for success: Reactions to women who succeed at male gender-typed tasks. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3), 416-427. Lewis D. and Sargeant M. (2007) Essentials of Employment Law, 9th edition, London, Chartered Institute of Personal and Development Mayo A. (2001) The human value of the enterprise: valuing people as assets : monitoring, measuring, managing. London, Nicholas Brealey Pub Moorman R. (1991) Relationship between organisational justice and organisational citizenship behaviours: Do fairness perceptions influence employee citizenship? Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 845-855. Porras, M. (1996) Female Infanticide and Foeticide. Rahim M., Magner N. and Shapiro D. (2002) Do justice perceptions influence styles of handling conflict with supervisors?: What justice perception, precisely? The international journal of conflict managerment, 11. 9-31 Rees D. and McBain R. (2004) People Management Challenges and Opportunities, New York, Palgrave Macmillan Rudman Glick (2000) Prescriptive Gender Stereotypes and Backlash toward Agentic Women, supra note 18, at 749-53 Shapiro G. and Olgiati E. (2002) Promoting gender equality in the workplace, Ireland, European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions Torrington, D. Hall, L. and Taylor, S. (2007) Human Resource Management, 7th Edition, Edinburg, Pearson Education Limited Zeng Y., Baochang G., Ping T., Yi Xu, Boha Li and Youngping L. (1993) Causes and Implications of High Sex Rations,† Population and Econmics (Renkou yu Jingji), No. 1, 1993 Research Papers on Managing an Equal Opportunity Organization19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraResearch Process Part OneInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementCapital PunishmentThe Fifth HorsemanMind TravelRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

Insolvency and the Recent Changes in the European Union to Question Essay

Insolvency and the Recent Changes in the European Union to Question Whether the Main Aim Is To Maximize the Collective Returns to Credit - Essay Example The researcher states that there have been some interesting changes to Insolvency law in the EU and subsequently in the UK to give more power to the Creditor. The aim, unlike other regulations, is to not to protect the consumer but to let the creditor maximize the collective returns to credit.   In most circumstances regime shopping within the EU is frowned upon, because there needs to be equality and protection for both parties under the law; however with insolvency law this does not seems to be the case in cross-border insolvency cases, especially with the definition of the centre of the debtor’s main interest (COMI). This concept of COMI has been used to allow the more powerful creditor to choose the regime that best suits their needs to maximize their return on credit. In the US insolvency law seems to more geared towards the creditor regaining their money back, because in good faith they have lent it out. Jackson argues that the assets of the individual should be pooled together and divided amongst the creditors on the strict economic basis to maximize the return of credit to the creditor. This would mean that the laws that offer this maximization of credit should be applied, even if there are different jurisdictions because the debt crosses state or international borders. Therefore this will be illustrated as the approach taken by the EU in regard to the new trans-border insolvency regulations, rather than individual actions for each creditor in differing jurisdictions. The enforcement of individual creditors needs versus the individual debtor's needs is the soft approach that the UK system of law takes and NOT in the best interests of creditors because they should be able to get the maximum return of credit because they are already a loss. Jackson argues this hard economic approach, rather than an approach that considers the interests of the debtor. This is fair because the creditor in good faith has lent this money to the debtor expecting its r eturn; therefore in the case that this is not possible the maximization of this return should be available.

Sickle Cell Anemia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sickle Cell Anemia - Research Paper Example Individuals with two copies of the mutant version of the hemoglobin gene are likely to develop full-blown sickle cell anemia (Malowany 49). According to the Darwinian theory of evolution, the existence of sickle cell anemia in only certain geographical regions of the world particularly those prone to malaria is a good example of an evolutionary trade-off during the process of natural selection. In his book, the Origin of the species by natural selection, Darwin particularly outlined the steps of survival for the fittest by arguing that populations often show variations in virtually all traits and that certain variations can improve the survivorship of individuals or organisms(improving their fitness). On the other hand, the theory also suggests that the frequency of these variations may increase with each generation if they are heritable. The evolutionary trade-off between Sickle cell anemia and Malaria was first highlighted after the discovery that the geographical distribution for the sickle cell allele known as hemoglobin S was virtually overlapping with the geographical distribution of Malaria (Hiren 25). This is particularly based on the notion that sickle cell heterozygote are often resistant to malaria and therefore individuals with sickle cell traits have a survival advantage in Malaria prone regions such as West Africa as compared with individuals with normal hemoglobin. Malaria is a common tropical disease caused by a protozoan P. falciparum which is largely transmitted through mosquito bites. The protozoa then infect the red blood cells of the victim and multiply thereby becoming available for transfer to other susceptible individuals via mosquito bites. According to Tapper (134), malaria is a disease that has existed in Africa and other tropical regions for several millennia.